Ecophysiology of riparian cottonwoods: stream flow dependency, water relations and restoration.
Identifieur interne : 004463 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 004462; suivant : 004464Ecophysiology of riparian cottonwoods: stream flow dependency, water relations and restoration.
Auteurs : Stewart B. Rood [Canada] ; Jeffrey H. Braatne ; Francine M R. HughesSource :
- Tree physiology [ 0829-318X ] ; 2003.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- physiologie : Adaptation physiologique, Populus.
- Eau, Mouvements de l'eau, Rivières, Écologie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical : Water.
- physiology : Adaptation, Physiological, Populus.
- Ecology, Rivers, Water Movements.
Abstract
Cottonwoods (Populus spp.) are adapted to riparian or floodplain zones throughout the Northern Hemisphere; they are also used as parents for fast-growing hybrid poplars. We review recent ecophysiological studies of the native cottonwoods Populus angustifolia James, P. balsamifera L., P. deltoides Marsh., P. fremontii S. Watson and P. trichocarpa T. & G. in North America, and P. nigra L. in Europe. Variation exists within and across species and hybrids; however, all riparian cottonwoods are dependent on shallow alluvial groundwater that is linked to stream water, particularly in semi-arid regions. This conclusion is based on studies of their natural occurrence, decline following river damming and dewatering (water removal), water relations, isotopic composition of xylem water, and by the establishment of cottonwoods along formerly barren natural channels after flow augmentation in response to the conveyance of irrigation water. When alluvial groundwater is depleted as a result of river dewatering or groundwater pumping, riparian cottonwoods exhibit drought-stress responses including stomatal closure and reduced transpiration and photosynthesis, altered 13C composition, reduced predawn and midday water potentials, and xylem cavitation. These physiological responses are accompanied by morphological responses including reduced shoot growth, altered root growth, branch sacrifice and crown die-back. In severe cases, mortality occurs. For example, severe dewatering of channels of the braided Big Lost River in Idaho led to mortality of the narrowleaf cottonwood, P. angustifolia, and adjacent sandbar willows, Salix exigua Nutt., within 5 years, whereas riparian woodlands thrived along flowing channels nearby. The conservation and restoration of cottonwoods will rely on the provision of river flow regimes that satisfy these ecophysiological requirements for survival, growth and reproduction.
DOI: 10.1093/treephys/23.16.1113
PubMed: 14522717
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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We review recent ecophysiological studies of the native cottonwoods Populus angustifolia James, P. balsamifera L., P. deltoides Marsh., P. fremontii S. Watson and P. trichocarpa T. & G. in North America, and P. nigra L. in Europe. Variation exists within and across species and hybrids; however, all riparian cottonwoods are dependent on shallow alluvial groundwater that is linked to stream water, particularly in semi-arid regions. This conclusion is based on studies of their natural occurrence, decline following river damming and dewatering (water removal), water relations, isotopic composition of xylem water, and by the establishment of cottonwoods along formerly barren natural channels after flow augmentation in response to the conveyance of irrigation water. When alluvial groundwater is depleted as a result of river dewatering or groundwater pumping, riparian cottonwoods exhibit drought-stress responses including stomatal closure and reduced transpiration and photosynthesis, altered 13C composition, reduced predawn and midday water potentials, and xylem cavitation. These physiological responses are accompanied by morphological responses including reduced shoot growth, altered root growth, branch sacrifice and crown die-back. In severe cases, mortality occurs. For example, severe dewatering of channels of the braided Big Lost River in Idaho led to mortality of the narrowleaf cottonwood, P. angustifolia, and adjacent sandbar willows, Salix exigua Nutt., within 5 years, whereas riparian woodlands thrived along flowing channels nearby. The conservation and restoration of cottonwoods will rely on the provision of river flow regimes that satisfy these ecophysiological requirements for survival, growth and reproduction.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">14522717</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2005</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>11</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2019</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0829-318X</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>23</Volume><Issue>16</Issue><PubDate><Year>2003</Year><Month>Nov</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Tree physiology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Tree Physiol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Ecophysiology of riparian cottonwoods: stream flow dependency, water relations and restoration.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1113-24</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>Cottonwoods (Populus spp.) are adapted to riparian or floodplain zones throughout the Northern Hemisphere; they are also used as parents for fast-growing hybrid poplars. 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When alluvial groundwater is depleted as a result of river dewatering or groundwater pumping, riparian cottonwoods exhibit drought-stress responses including stomatal closure and reduced transpiration and photosynthesis, altered 13C composition, reduced predawn and midday water potentials, and xylem cavitation. These physiological responses are accompanied by morphological responses including reduced shoot growth, altered root growth, branch sacrifice and crown die-back. In severe cases, mortality occurs. For example, severe dewatering of channels of the braided Big Lost River in Idaho led to mortality of the narrowleaf cottonwood, P. angustifolia, and adjacent sandbar willows, Salix exigua Nutt., within 5 years, whereas riparian woodlands thrived along flowing channels nearby. 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Braatne</name><name sortKey="Hughes, Francine M R" sort="Hughes, Francine M R" uniqKey="Hughes F" first="Francine M R" last="Hughes">Francine M R. Hughes</name></noCountry><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Rood, Stewart B" sort="Rood, Stewart B" uniqKey="Rood S" first="Stewart B" last="Rood">Stewart B. Rood</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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